Java Motherboard Serial Number Linux

Get hardware information on Linux with lshw command. Lshw List hardware. Lshw is a nifty small command line utility that generates detailed reports about various hardware components on the system. Feature that allows cellular wireless phones to receive incoming calls when roaming. Google Home owners will probably be talking to their living rooms a lot more thanks to an update that lets the voice assistant make phone calls to the U. S. and Canada. It does so by reading different files in the proc directory. Lshw is capable of reporting memory configuration, firmware version, mainboard configuration, CPU version and speed, cache configuration, bus speed etc. Install lshw. Ubuntu, Debian and Fedora users can get it from default repositories. On Cent. OS lshw can be installed from Epel repo. Using lshw. The lshw command needs to run with super privileges to be able to detect and report the maximum amount of information. So run as root, or use sudo. Lshw assorts hardware components into groups called class. Processor, memory, display, network, storage are all different classes. Display full information. Football Manager 2013 Editor Patch. Running lshw without any options would generate full information report about all detected hardware. It would generate a big output with quite a lot of technical details sudo lshw. Desktop Computer. AC7. 04 8. C4. 3 1. DE 9. 39. 5 0. 00. EA6. 8F7. 26. 0. description Motherboard. DG3. 5EC. vendor Intel Corporation. AAE2. 92. 66 2. 10. BTEC9. 34. 00. 0EK. Base Board Chassis Location. CPU. product IntelR CoreTM2 Quad CPU Q8. GHz. vendor Intel Corp. IntelR CoreTM2 Quad CPU Q8. GHz. slot LGA 7. MHz. GHz. width 6. 4 bits. MHz. capabilities fpu fpuexception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx. TRIMMED2. Display information in short. With the short the lshw command would generate a brief information report about the hardware devices that would quickly give an idea about the hardware profile of the system. HW path Device Class Description. DG3. 5EC. 00 processor IntelR CoreTM2 Quad CPU Q8. GHz. 001 memory 2. Mi. B L2 cache. 003 memory 3. Ki. B L1 cache. 02 memory 3. Ki. B L1 cache. 04 memory 6. Ki. B BIOS. 01. Gi. B System Memory. Gi. B DIMM DDR2 Synchronous 6. MHz 1. 5 ns. 01. Gi. B DIMM DDR2 Synchronous 6. MHz 1. 5 ns. 01. Gi. B DIMM DDR2 Synchronous 6. MHz 1. 5 ns. 01. Gi. B DIMM DDR2 Synchronous 6. MHz 1. 5 ns. 01. G3. Express DRAM Controller. G3. 5 Express Integrated Graphics Controller. G3. 5 Express Integrated Graphics Controller. DC Gigabit Network Connection. H ICH8 Family USB UHCI Controller 4. H ICH8 Family USB UHCI Controller 5. H ICH8 Family USB2 EHCI Controller 2. H ICH8 Family HD Audio Controller. H ICH8 Family PCI Express Port 1. H ICH8 Family PCI Express Port 2. H ICH8 Family PCI Express Port 3. JMB3. 68 IDE controller. H ICH8 Family USB UHCI Controller 1. H ICH8 Family USB UHCI Controller 2. H ICH8 Family USB UHCI Controller 3. H ICH8 Family USB2 EHCI Controller 1. PCI Bridge. 01. FW3. True. Fire 1. 39. Controller. HBHR ICH8R LPC Interface Controller. H ICH8 Family 4 port SATA Controller IDE mode. H ICH8 Family SMBus Controller. HRHOHH ICH8. RDODH 2 port SATA Controller IDE m. GB ST3. 50. 04. 18. AS. 010. 0. 01 devsda. Gi. B Windows NTFS volume. Gi. B Extended partition. Gi. B HPFSNTFS partition. Emergency 3 Vollversion. Gi. B Linux filesystem partition. Mi. B Linux swap Solaris partition. Gi. B Linux filesystem partition. DVD RW DRU 1. 90. AThe above output is easy to interpret. The system has an intel processor, 4 RAM slots, 1 5. The 3rd column is the class name. Lshw can display information only about a particular class if requested with the class options. Display only memory information. To display information about the memory, specify the memory class sudo lshw short class memory. HW path Device Class Description. Mi. B L2 cache. 003 memory 3. Ki. B L1 cache. 02 memory 3. MHz 1. 5 ns. 01. Gi. B DIMM DDR2 Synchronous 6. MHz 1. 5 ns4. Display processor information. With class processor, lshw would display information about the cpu. It is better to not use the short option and get full details about the processor. CPU. product IntelR CoreTM2 Quad CPU Q8. GHz. vendor Intel Corp. IntelR CoreTM2 Quad CPU Q8. GHz. slot LGA 7. MHz. GHz. width 6. 4 bits. MHz. capabilities fpu fpuexception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx. It should be noted that lshw does not accurately tell about the number of cores or processing units available. The above system for example is a quadcore processor with 4 processing units. Another command called lscpu gives more accurate information about the cpu. Check out the following post. Linux. 5. Disk drives. Display the disk drives with the disk class. HW path Device Class Description. GB ST3. 50. 04. 18. AS. 030. 0. 0 devcdrom disk DVD RW DRU 1. ATo display information about the partitions and controllers also, specify the storage and volume class along with the disk class. Then it would give a more clear picture about the storage on the system. HW path Device Class Description. JMB3. 68 IDE controller. H ICH8 Family 4 port SATA Controller IDE mode. HRHOHH ICH8. RDODH 2 port SATA Controller IDE m. GB ST3. 50. 04. 18. AS. 010. 0. 01 devsda. Gi. B Windows NTFS volume. Gi. B Extended partition. Gi. B HPFSNTFS partition. Gi. B Linux filesystem partition. Mi. B Linux swap Solaris partition. Gi. B Linux filesystem partition. DVD RW DRU 1. 90. A6. Network adapter information. Use the network class to display information about the network adapterinterface. Omitting the short option is a good idea to get detailed information about it. Ethernet interface. DC Gigabit Network Connection. Intel Corporation. Mbits. capacity 1. Gbits. width 3. MHz. Mbits. resources irq 4. The value of the serial field is same as the MAC address. The configuration field indicates that autonegotiation is turned on and the current operating speed is 1. Mbits. These configurations can be modified with the ethtool command. Display address details with businfo. With the businfo option lshw would output the address details of pci, usb, scsi and ide devices sudo lshw businfo. Bus info Device Class Description. DG3. 5EC. email protected processor IntelR CoreTM2 Quad CPU Q8. GHz. memory 2. Mi. B L2 cache. memory 3. Ki. B L1 cache. memory 3. Ki. B L1 cache. memory 6. Ki. B BIOS. memory 8. Gi. B System Memory. Gi. B DIMM DDR2 Synchronous 6. MHz 1. 5 ns. memory 2. Gi. B DIMM DDR2 Synchronous 6. MHz 1. 5 ns. memory 2. Gi. B DIMM DDR2 Synchronous 6. MHz 1. 5 ns. memory 2. Gi. B DIMM DDR2 Synchronous 6. MHz 1. 5 ns. email protected 0. G3. 5 Express DRAM Controller. G3. 5 Express Integrated Graphics Controller. G3. 5 Express Integrated Graphics Controller. DC Gigabit Network Connection. H ICH8 Family USB UHCI Controller 4. H ICH8 Family USB UHCI Controller 5. H ICH8 Family USB2 EHCI Controller 2. H ICH8 Family HD Audio Controller. H ICH8 Family PCI Express Port 1. H ICH8 Family PCI Express Port 2. H ICH8 Family PCI Express Port 3. JMB3. 68 IDE controller. H ICH8 Family USB UHCI Controller 1. Endianness Wikipedia. Endianness refers to the sequential order in which bytes are arranged into larger numerical values, when stored in computer memory or secondary storage, or when transmitted over digital links. Endianness is of interest in computer science because two conflicting and incompatible formats are in common use words may be represented in big endian or little endian format, depending on whether bits or bytes or other components are ordered from the big end most significant bit or the little end least significant bit. In big endian format, whenever addressing memory or sendingstoring words bytewise, the most significant byte the byte containing the most significant bit is stored first has the lowest address or sent first, then the following bytes are stored or sent in decreasing significance order, with the least significant byte the one containing the least significant bit stored last having the highest address or sent last. Little endian format reverses this order the sequence addressessendsstores the least significant byte first lowest address and the most significant byte last highest address. Most computer systems prefer a single format for all its data using the systems native format is automatic. But when reading memory or receiving transmitted data from a different computer system, it is often required to process and translate data between the preferred native endianness format to the opposite format. The order of bits within a byte or word can also have endianness as discussed later however, a byte is typically handled as a single numerical value or character symbol and so bit sequence order is obviated. Both big and little forms of endianness are widely used in digital electronics. The choice of endianness for a new design is often arbitrary, but later technology revisions and updates perpetuate the existing endianness and many other design attributes to maintain backward compatibility. As examples, the IBM zArchitecture mainframes and the Motorola 6. Intel x. 86 processors use little endian. The designers of System3. Architecture, chose its endianness in the 1. Motorola 6. 80. 00 and the Intel 8. Big endian is the most common format in data networking fields in the protocols of the Internet protocol suite, such as IPv. IPv. 6, TCP, and UDP, are transmitted in big endian order. For this reason, big endian byte order is also referred to as network byte order. Little endian storage is popular for microprocessors, in part due to significant influence on microprocessor designs by Intel Corporation. Mixed forms also exist, for instance the ordering of bytes in a 1. Such cases are sometimes referred to as mixed endian or middle endian. There are also some bi endian processors that operate in either little endian or big endian mode. Compare also to the Head initial vs. IllustrationeditBig endianness may be demonstrated by writing a decimal number, say one hundred twenty three, on paper in the usual positional notation understood by a numerate reader 1. The digits are written starting from the left and to the right, with the most significant digit, 1, written first. This is analogous to the lowest address of memory being used first. This is an example of a big endian convention taken from daily life. The little endian way of writing the same number, one hundred twenty three, would place the hundreds digit 1 in the right most position 3. A person following conventional big endian place value order, who is not aware of this special ordering, would read a different number three hundred and twenty one. Endianness in computing is similar, but it usually applies to the ordering of bytes, rather than of digits. The illustrations to the right, where a is a memory address, show big endian and little endian storage in memory. EtymologyeditDanny Cohen introduced the terms Little Endian and Big Endian for byte ordering in an article from 1. In this technical and political examination of byte ordering issues, the endian names were drawn from Jonathan Swifts 1. Gullivers Travels, in which civil war erupts over whether the big end or the little end of a boiled egg is the proper end to crack open analogous to counting from the end that contains the most significant bit or the least significant bit. HardwareeditComputer memory consists of a sequence of storage cells. Each cell is identified in hardware and software by its memory address. If the total number of storage cells in memory is n, then addresses are enumerated from 0 to n 1. Computer programs often use data structures of fields that may consist of more data than is stored in one memory cell. Microsoft Press Adaptive Code Via C. For the purpose of this article where its use as an operand of an instruction is relevant, a field consists of a consecutive sequence of bytes and represents a simple data value. In addition to that, it has to be of numeric type in some positional number system mostly base 1. In such a number system the value of a digit is determined not only by its value as a single digit, but also by the position it holds in the complete number, its significance. These positions can be mapped to memory mainly in two ways 6increasing numeric significance with increasing memory addresses or increasing time, known as little endian, anddecreasing numeric significance with increasing memory addresses or increasing time, known as big endian7HistoryeditWhile the Intel microprocessor product line most notable amongst others has become a popular architecture, many historical and extant processors use a big endian memory representation, commonly referred to as network order, as used in the Internet protocol suite, either exclusively or as a design option others use yet another scheme called middle endian, mixed endian or PDP 1. The IBM System3. System3. ESA3. Architecture. The PDP 1. The IBM Series1 minicomputer also use big endian byte order. Dealing with data of different endianness is sometimes termed the NUXI problem. This terminology alludes to the byte order conflicts encountered while adapting. UNIX, which ran on the mixed endian PDP 1. IBM Series1 computer. Unix was one of the first systems to allow the same code to be compiled for platforms with different internal representations. One of the first programs converted was supposed to print out Unix, but on the Series1 it printed n. Uxi instead. 9The Datapoint 2. When Intel developed the 8. Datapoint, they used little endian for compatibility. However, as Intel was unable to deliver the 8. Datapoint used a medium scale integration equivalent, but the little endianness was retained in most Intel designs. Intel MCS 4. 8 is also little endian, as are the well known DEC Alpha, Atmel AVR, VAX and many more. The Motorola 6. 80. Motorola convention. The Intel 8. 05. 1, contrary to other Intel processors, expects 1. LJMP and LCALL in big endian format however, x. CALL instructions store the return address onto the stack in little endian format. SPARC historically used big endian until version 9, which is bi endian similarly early IBM POWER processors were big endian, but now the Power. PC and Power Architecture descendants are bi endian. The ARM architecture was little endian before version 3 when it became bi endian. Other well known little endian processor architectures include MOS Technology 6. Western Design Center. C8. 16, Zilog Z8. Z1. 80 and e. Z8.